Uba Sani is rebuilding the state through infrastructure-led development, reckons ABIODUN OLUWADARE
“Infrastructure is not an expenditure; it is the foundation upon which prosperous societies are built.”
There is an old saying in development economics that roads do more than connect places; they connect possibilities. The same may be said of bridges, schools, hospitals, water systems and every other piece of public infrastructure that quietly shapes the everyday lives of citizens. They are not merely engineering projects. They are investments in human dignity, economic productivity and the future of society.
Imagine, for a moment, a tomato farmer in Kajuru setting out before dawn at the peak of the rainy season. For years, his greatest challenge was never the fertility of his land, the quality of his seedlings or the abundance of his harvest. His greatest challenge began only after the tomatoes had been picked. Deep gullies, broken culverts, flooded river crossings and impassable roads often turned what should have been a short journey into an exhausting ordeal. By the time his produce reached Kaduna metropolis, a significant portion had already deteriorated. The loss was not merely agricultural; it was economic, social and deeply personal. Income disappeared before it was earned. School fees became difficult to pay. Medical bills were postponed. Another farming season ended with frustration rather than fulfilment.
Today, that story is gradually changing. The journey that once consumed almost two hours can now be completed in roughly forty minutes along the newly constructed Gadan Gayan–Gwaraji–Kujama road. Transporters who previously avoided the route are returning. Buyers are arriving earlier. Farmers are reaching markets while their produce is still fresh. What appears to be an ordinary road project on paper has, in reality, become a corridor of opportunity for thousands of rural households.
That single story captures the true meaning of infrastructure. Its value is rarely measured by the kilometres of asphalt laid, the tonnes of steel erected or the billions of naira appropriated in annual budgets. Its real value is measured in opportunities created, businesses expanded, investments attracted and lives transformed.
History offers compelling evidence of this reality. The countries that fundamentally altered their economic fortunes rarely began with factories or skyscrapers. They began by building roads, railways, ports, schools, hospitals and water systems that enabled people and commerce to move efficiently. Infrastructure became the silent engine that powered industrialisation, expanded markets, reduced poverty and improved the quality of life.
This principle is increasingly shaping governance across Africa. Ethiopia invested heavily in rural roads to connect farming communities with markets. Morocco transformed rural accessibility through an ambitious road programme that significantly reduced poverty in previously isolated communities. Ghana’s sustained investment in transport infrastructure strengthened regional commerce and enhanced investor confidence. Rwanda similarly recognised that infrastructure was not simply about physical construction but about creating an enabling environment for economic transformation.
The lesson from these experiences is remarkably consistent. Infrastructure is not consumption. It is productive capital. Every kilometre of road constructed has the potential to generate multiple layers of economic activity. Better roads reduce transportation costs. Lower transportation costs encourage trade. Increased trade stimulates investment. Investment creates employment. Employment improves household income, which in turn expands local demand and strengthens economic growth.
It is against this broader development philosophy that the infrastructure agenda of Governor Uba Sani deserves careful examination.
When Senator Uba Sani assumed office as Governor of Kaduna State on 29 May 2023, he inherited a state confronted by significant developmental and security challenges. Rural communities remained physically disconnected from commercial centres. Years of insecurity had disrupted farming activities, weakened access to education and healthcare, discouraged private investment and widened the development gap between urban and rural communities.
Rather than approaching these challenges as isolated policy problems, the administration adopted what increasingly appears to be an integrated development strategy, placing infrastructure at the centre of governance. Roads would reconnect communities. Bridges would eliminate seasonal isolation. Water projects would restore essential public services. Schools would strengthen human capital. Healthcare facilities would improve social welfare. Agricultural infrastructure would stimulate productivity, while improved accessibility would attract investment and create employment.
Three years later, that vision is steadily becoming visible across Kaduna State. Government records indicate that more than 140 road projects covering approximately 1,345 kilometres have either been completed or are under construction across the state’s twenty-three local government areas. Unlike previous development patterns that often concentrated public investment around Kaduna metropolis and Zaria, the present strategy seeks a more geographically balanced distribution of infrastructure, extending major projects to communities that had, for decades, remained largely disconnected from the state’s economic mainstream. Yet numbers alone cannot explain the significance of what is taking place.
Perhaps no project better illustrates the administration’s development philosophy than the 35-kilometre Gadan Gayan–Gwaraji–Kujama road. Widely regarded as the longest single road project undertaken by the Kaduna State Government in nearly two decades, the road does far more than connect three locations on a map. It links the productive agricultural belts of Igabi and Chikun Local Government Areas to larger commercial centres, reducing travel time from approximately two hours to about forty minutes while opening access to an estimated 18,000 hectares of irrigable agricultural land.
Its economic implications are profound. Every minute saved in transportation reduces operational costs. Every kilometre of accessible farmland increases productive capacity. Every successful journey encourages greater commercial activity. What emerges is a multiplier effect that extends far beyond the road itself.
The story does not end there. The ongoing 36-kilometre Bagoma–Gagumi road in Birnin Gwari Local Government Area is expected to surpass the Gadan Gayan–Gwaraji–Kujama road as the longest single road project in Kaduna State’s history. Accompanied by the construction of a 130-metre bridge across the River Kaduna, the project promises to eliminate one of the greatest constraints confronting local farmers: seasonal isolation.
For generations, communities in this axis have watched substantial portions of their harvests remain trapped during the rainy season because transportation routes became impassable. Crops deteriorated before reaching markets. Transport costs escalated. Investment remained limited because accessibility was uncertain.
Infrastructure changes that equation. Development specialists have long observed that weak transportation networks contribute significantly to post-harvest losses across Sub-Saharan Africa. In many rural communities, the greatest threat to agricultural profitability is not poor harvest but poor access. A bumper harvest becomes economically meaningless if produce cannot reach consumers in good time.
This is precisely why feeder roads matter. The approximately 1,345 kilometres of roads being developed across Kaduna State represent far more than engineering accomplishments. They constitute an integrated economic network capable of reducing transportation costs, improving market access, stimulating rural enterprise and strengthening food security.
The impact extends beyond agriculture. Road construction itself creates employment for engineers, artisans, equipment operators, suppliers, transporters and countless small businesses that support construction activities. Once completed, improved roads encourage commercial transportation, facilitate tourism, strengthen security logistics and expand access to schools, healthcare facilities and government institutions. Infrastructure therefore becomes more than public expenditure. It becomes an investment in productivity. It becomes an investment in inclusion. Above all, it becomes an investment in hope.
That is why measuring success solely by the number of kilometres constructed misses the larger story. The true measure of infrastructure is found in the farmer whose produce now reaches market before spoiling, the pregnant woman who arrives safely at a healthcare centre, the schoolchild who no longer misses classes during the rainy season, the trader whose transportation costs have fallen, and the investor who now sees opportunity where uncertainty once prevailed. Roads, in the final analysis, are not simply about movement. They are about possibility. And in Kaduna today, that possibility is gradually redefining the relationship between infrastructure and development.
Roads may be the most visible symbols of development, but they are only one part of the larger infrastructure ecosystem that determines the quality of life in any society. A road can take a child to school, but there must first be a school to attend. A bridge can carry a pregnant woman to a health centre, but there must be a functioning clinic with skilled personnel waiting to receive her. A highway can transport water treatment chemicals to a community, but there must be an efficient distribution system before clean water reaches household taps.
In other words, infrastructure succeeds only when it is viewed as an integrated system rather than a collection of isolated projects. This broader understanding appears to have informed Governor Uba Sani’s development agenda.
One of the administration’s earliest policy decisions was to declare a state of emergency in the water sector. For many years, access to potable water had become an increasing challenge in several parts of Kaduna State. Ageing treatment plants, deteriorating pipelines, rapid urbanisation and years of underinvestment combined to create significant pressure on public water supply. The consequences extended far beyond inconvenience. Communities without reliable access to clean water faced heightened health risks, increased household expenditure and reduced productivity, particularly among women and children who often travelled long distances in search of water.
The government’s response has centred on rehabilitating water treatment facilities, replacing obsolete transmission pipelines and expanding distribution networks. According to official reports, these interventions have improved access to potable water for well over one and a half million residents.
For many observers, these projects may appear less dramatic than new highways or bridges. Yet development experts frequently argue that access to safe water ranks among the most economically productive public investments any government can make. Healthy communities are more productive communities. Children who are protected from water-borne diseases attend school more regularly. Families spend less on preventable illnesses. Businesses operate more efficiently where basic public utilities function effectively. Water, therefore, is not simply a social service. It is economic infrastructure.
The same philosophy extends to healthcare and education. Development is ultimately about people rather than projects. Roads, bridges and public buildings acquire meaning only when they improve human capability. Nobel laureate Amartya Sen famously argued that development should be measured not merely by income but by the expansion of human freedom and opportunity. Healthcare and education occupy a central place within that framework because they determine whether citizens possess the capacity to participate meaningfully in economic and social life. Kaduna’s investment in healthcare infrastructure reflects this understanding.
Government reports indicate that approximately 255 Primary Healthcare Centres have been rehabilitated and upgraded across the state. Several facilities previously abandoned because of insecurity have resumed operations, extending access to basic healthcare services in communities where such services had become increasingly difficult to obtain.
The significance of these investments becomes clearer when viewed from the perspective of ordinary families. For an expectant mother in Birnin Gwari, a functioning healthcare centre nearby may determine whether childbirth is routine or life-threatening. For parents in Giwa or Kajuru, access to immunisation services means their children are protected against preventable diseases. For elderly citizens managing chronic illnesses, shorter travel distances translate directly into improved quality of life. Healthcare infrastructure, therefore, is not simply about buildings. It is about preserving human dignity. Education tells a similar story.
The reported construction and renovation of more than 600 classrooms, alongside the establishment of 60 new secondary schools and the reopening of institutions previously closed because of insecurity, represents far more than an expansion of physical facilities. It is an investment in Kaduna’s future workforce. Every classroom built today becomes tomorrow’s laboratory of innovation, entrepreneurship and leadership. Every child who returns to school represents a renewed investment in the state’s long-term competitiveness. The strongest economies in the world were not built solely with roads and factories. They were built by educated people using infrastructure to create wealth.
Agriculture: Where Infrastructure Meets Prosperity
If roads are the arteries of development, agriculture remains the lifeblood of Kaduna’s economy. The state possesses fertile land, favourable climatic conditions and one of Nigeria’s largest agricultural populations. Yet for decades, much of this potential remained constrained by inadequate rural infrastructure.
Farmers repeatedly faced the same dilemma. Growing crops was difficult. Selling them profitably was even more difficult. Poor roads increased transportation costs. Seasonal flooding isolated productive communities. Middlemen dictated prices because farmers lacked reliable access to alternative markets. Post-harvest losses consumed a significant share of agricultural output before produce ever reached consumers. Infrastructure addresses each of these constraints simultaneously.
The Gadan Gayan–Gwaraji–Kujama corridor is expected to unlock approximately 18,000 hectares of irrigable farmland, while the Bagoma–Gagumi project promises to strengthen commercial agriculture in one of the state’s important farming belts. Together with expanded feeder roads, improved bridges and better accessibility, these projects are gradually transforming agriculture from subsistence production towards commercial enterprise.
Equally significant is the administration’s commitment to the proposed Special Agro-Industrial Processing Zone. Its importance cannot be overstated. For too long, much of Nigeria’s agricultural wealth has left farming communities in its raw state. Farmers sold unprocessed produce while value addition, processing and industrial employment occurred elsewhere. The Special Agro-Industrial Processing Zone seeks to reverse that pattern. Instead of exporting raw commodities, Kaduna aims to encourage processing, packaging, storage, logistics and manufacturing within the state itself. Such an approach retains more wealth locally, creates higher-value employment and strengthens internally generated revenue. This is the difference between producing crops and building an agricultural economy.
Why Investors Watch Infrastructure
Around the world, investors evaluate infrastructure long before they examine investment brochures. A manufacturer considering Kaduna asks practical questions. Can raw materials reach the factory? Can finished products reach customers? Is electricity reliable? Can workers commute safely? Are healthcare and education available for employees and their families? Infrastructure provides many of those answers. It is therefore no coincidence that improvements in public infrastructure often coincide with rising investor confidence.
Kaduna’s recent increase in internally generated revenue, from approximately ₦13.6 billion in 2021 to over ₦81 billion in 2024, reflects a broader programme of governance reforms, improved revenue administration and expanding economic activity. While infrastructure is only one component of that transformation, it provides the enabling environment within which businesses grow and government revenues expand.
Equally encouraging is the decision to establish a dedicated annual road maintenance fund. Across Africa, countless governments have celebrated new infrastructure while neglecting maintenance. Roads deteriorated within a few years. Bridges weakened. Public assets gradually returned to disrepair. Maintenance, therefore, is not an administrative afterthought. It is sound economic policy.
The wisdom of countries such as Morocco and Rwanda lies not only in building infrastructure but also in preserving it. Kaduna’s emerging emphasis on maintenance suggests an appreciation of this important lesson. Infrastructure that cannot be sustained eventually becomes infrastructure that cannot transform. It is the discipline to maintain public assets, not merely the ambition to construct them, that separates enduring development from temporary achievement. As Kaduna continues to expand its infrastructure base, this commitment to sustainability may prove just as important as the projects themselves.
Kaduna’s infrastructure programme does not exist in isolation. It forms part of a broader African story in which governments are increasingly recognising that sustainable development begins with strategic public investment.
Across the continent, countries that have recorded measurable improvements in economic performance have done so not merely by expanding public expenditure, but by investing in infrastructure that unlocks private enterprise.
Ethiopia’s extensive rural road programme demonstrated that connecting farming communities to markets could significantly improve agricultural productivity and household incomes. Morocco’s sustained investment in rural accessibility reduced physical isolation, improved school attendance, expanded access to healthcare and contributed to declining rural poverty. Ghana’s ambitious road expansion programme strengthened regional trade while reinforcing investor confidence.
Although every country follows its own unique development pathway, one lesson consistently emerges. Infrastructure is rarely an end in itself. It is the platform upon which broader economic and social transformation is built.
Viewed through this wider African lens, Kaduna’s current strategy reflects an appreciation that development cannot be achieved through policy pronouncements alone. Markets require roads. Investors require certainty. Farmers require access. Children require schools. Patients require healthcare facilities. Communities require water. Together, these investments create the enabling environment within which economic activity flourishes.
The significance of this approach extends beyond Kaduna State. As Nigeria continues to search for practical models of subnational economic transformation, Kaduna’s experience offers useful lessons on the role that purposeful infrastructure investment can play in stimulating inclusive development.
There is a tendency in public discourse to evaluate infrastructure simply by counting projects. How many roads were built? How many bridges were completed? How many schools were commissioned? These are important questions. But they are not the most important questions.
The more fundamental question is whether those investments improve the lives of citizens. Do farmers earn higher incomes? Do businesses expand? Do children remain in school? Do patients reach healthcare facilities more quickly? Do investors see new opportunities? Does government become more visible and more trusted in communities that previously felt neglected? These are the questions that ultimately define successful governance. Infrastructure is therefore not merely an engineering achievement. It is an expression of public policy.
Indeed, perhaps the most enduring contribution of infrastructure lies in its ability to strengthen the relationship between government and citizens. Every completed road represents visible evidence that public resources have been translated into public value. Every rehabilitated school signals renewed confidence in the future. Every functional healthcare centre reminds citizens that government is not an abstract institution but a practical presence in their daily lives.
For states confronting insecurity and economic uncertainty, this relationship matters profoundly. Development and security are not competing priorities. They reinforce one another. Communities connected by roads, served by functioning schools, supported by healthcare facilities and integrated into productive economic activity are generally more resilient than communities isolated by neglect. Infrastructure, in this sense, becomes an instrument of peace as well as prosperity.
A balanced assessment, however, requires acknowledgement that important challenges remain. Several flagship road projects are still under construction and have yet to realise their full economic potential. Urban traffic congestion continues to place pressure on Kaduna metropolis despite ongoing improvements. Water supply remains inconsistent in some rapidly growing communities. Population growth will inevitably increase future demand for schools, hospitals, housing, transportation and public utilities. These realities remind us that infrastructure is not a destination reached at the end of a political tenure. It is a continuous national responsibility.
Perhaps the greatest test facing every administration is not the ability to commence projects but the discipline to complete them, maintain them and ensure that subsequent governments continue building upon existing foundations rather than abandoning them.
History demonstrates that societies achieve lasting development when infrastructure policy survives political transitions. Roads should not belong to one administration. They should belong to generations.
Beyond Politics
It is tempting, particularly during periods of heightened political activity, to view every public project through a partisan lens. That would be unfortunate. Infrastructure deserves a different conversation. A road does not ask who voted for its construction. A bridge does not discriminate between political parties. A public hospital treats every patient who walks through its doors. A school educates every child seated within its classrooms. Safe drinking water flows without regard for political affiliation.
Infrastructure is perhaps the most democratic investment any government can make because its benefits eventually belong to everyone. That is why serious societies evaluate infrastructure not according to political slogans but according to measurable improvements in productivity, accessibility, quality of life and economic opportunity. Kaduna should be judged by the same standard.
History has an interesting way of judging governments. It rarely remembers campaign speeches. It seldom remembers political slogans. It almost never remembers the intensity of election debates. Instead, history remembers what endures. It remembers the bridges that continued carrying people decades after they were commissioned. It remembers the schools that educated generations of children. It remembers the hospitals that preserved lives. It remembers the water systems that transformed public health. It remembers the roads that connected forgotten communities to new opportunities. Ultimately, infrastructure is among the few legacies capable of outliving those who build it.
Three years into Governor Uba Sani’s administration, Kaduna State presents an evolving example of infrastructure-led governance. Record investments in roads, bridges, water supply, healthcare, education and agricultural infrastructure suggest an administration seeking to position physical development as the foundation for broader economic and social transformation.
The journey is far from complete. Projects must be finished. Assets must be maintained. Investment must continue. Institutions must remain strong enough to preserve today’s achievements for future generations. Yet there is already sufficient evidence to conclude that something important is taking shape. Uba Sani is not merely constructing roads. He is reconnecting communities. He is reducing the distance between farms and markets, an aspect of the live of the rural dwellers that had been neglected. Uba Sani is narrowing the gap between rural and urban development. He is creating conditions that encourage enterprise, attract investment and strengthen public confidence.
The roads now stretching across Kaduna carry far more than vehicles. They carry children to school. Patients to hospitals. Farmers to markets. Entrepreneurs to opportunity. Investors to possibility. And communities towards inclusion.
That, ultimately, is the true meaning of infrastructure. Roads may begin as engineering projects, but in the end they become the pathways through which economies grow, communities unite and history remembers leadership.
If Kaduna sustains this momentum that Uba Sani is steering, through prudent maintenance, institutional continuity and unwavering commitment to inclusive development, the years ahead may well be remembered not simply as a period of construction, but as the moment when a clear vision began to reshape the destiny of one of Nigeria’s most strategic states.
For in the final analysis, the greatest monuments any government leaves behind are not the speeches it delivered or the promises it made. They are the enduring public investments that continue to improve lives long after the applause has faded.
Oluwadare is a Professor of Political Science, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna.
